Comprehensive Guide to Low-Stress Training (LST) for Cannabis Plants

1.1 What is LST?

LST is a technique that involves gently bending and securing plant branches to create a more even canopy. By doing so, all parts of the plant receive equal light, which promotes more uniform growth and increases the overall yield. LST is especially useful in both indoor and outdoor grows where space and light distribution are limited.

1.2 Benefits of LST

• Increased Yield: By ensuring that all branches receive equal light, LST helps maximize the number of bud sites and improve overall yields.
• Better Light Distribution: An even canopy allows for better light penetration, which can enhance the growth and development of buds.
• Improved Airflow: Spreading out the branches increases airflow around the plant, reducing the risk of mold and mildew.
• Space Efficiency: LST helps manage plant height and width, making it ideal for small grow spaces.

2.1 Tools and Materials

To perform LST, you will need some basic tools and materials:

• Plant Ties or Twine: Use soft plant ties, garden wire, or twine to secure branches without damaging them.
• Scissors or Pruners: To trim any excess growth if necessary.
• Stake or Trellis: A stake or trellis can provide additional support if needed.

2.2 Choosing the Right Stage for LST

LST can be started during the vegetative stage, once the plant has developed several nodes. It’s best to wait until the plant has a strong root system and is healthy enough to handle the training. Avoid starting LST during the flowering stage, as this can stress the plant and negatively impact yields.

2.3 Preparing Your Plant

• Assess Plant Health: Ensure your plant is healthy and well-established before starting LST. Look for strong growth and a good root system.
• Clear the Workspace: Make sure you have enough space to work around the plant without causing damage.

3.1 Basic LST Technique

Here’s a step-by-step guide to performing basic LST:

• Identify Branches: Choose the main branches that need to be trained to create an even canopy.
• Gently Bend: Gently bend the selected branches downward or outward to create more horizontal growth. Be careful not to snap or damage the branches.
• Secure with Ties: Use plant ties or twine to secure the bent branches in place. Attach the ties to the pot or a stake to keep the branches in the desired position.
• Monitor Growth: Regularly check the branches and adjust the ties as needed. Continue to bend and secure new growth to maintain an even canopy.

3.2 Advanced LST Techniques

For more advanced training, consider the following techniques:

• Multiple Screens: Use multiple screens or trellises to support and train branches at different levels for a more complex canopy.
• Fan Leaves Removal: Remove large fan leaves that block light from reaching lower branches. Be selective to avoid stressing the plant.
• Side Branch Training: Train side branches to grow horizontally and create additional bud sites. This can further increase yield and improve light distribution.

3.3 Timing and Adjustments

• Regular Adjustments: Regularly adjust ties and branches as the plant grows to maintain an even canopy.
• Timing: Begin LST in the vegetative stage and complete it before the plant starts flowering. Monitor the plant’s response to ensure it’s handling the training well.

4.1 Benefits of LST

• Enhanced Yield: An even canopy allows for better light distribution and more bud sites, leading to higher yields.
• Improved Light Penetration: Ensures all parts of the plant receive adequate light, promoting uniform growth and bud development.
• Better Airflow: Spreading out branches improves airflow and reduces the risk of mold and mildew.
• Space Management: Ideal for managing plant height and width, especially in smaller grow spaces.

4.2 Common Issues and Solutions

• Branch Breakage: Be gentle when bending branches. If a branch breaks, use plant tape to repair it and support it as it heals.
• Excessive Stress: If the plant shows signs of stress, such as drooping leaves or slowed growth, reduce the intensity of training and allow the plant to recover.
• Light Blockage: Regularly check for any branches that may be blocking light to other parts of the plant and adjust them accordingly.

5.1 Ongoing Maintenance

• Monitor Growth: Continue to monitor the plant’s growth and adjust the training as needed. Look for any signs of stress or issues.
• Nutrient Management: Ensure the plant is receiving the right nutrients to support its growth. Adjust feeding schedules if necessary.
• Watering: Maintain consistent watering practices to support healthy growth and recovery.

5.2 Preparing for Flowering

As the plant approaches the flowering stage, reduce the amount of LST to allow the plant to transition smoothly. Continue to monitor the plant and make any final adjustments to the canopy to ensure optimal light distribution during flowering.